New Alzheimer's Drug Slows Cognitive Decline by 35% in Clinical Trials
Alzheimer's disease has emerged as a formidable global health crisis, affecting individuals across all demographics and posing significant challenges to healthcare systems worldwide. It affects up to 1 in 10 Australians over the age of 65 and 3 in 10 Australians over the age of 85. As the leading cause of dementia, it definitely demands urgent attention. With the projected tripling of dementia cases by 2050, the need for effective treatments is paramount.
For two decades, specialists and researchers on Alzheimer’s have struggled with the absence of new Alzheimer's drugs. However, a recent medical breakthrough from the pharmaceutical company Eli Lilly called Donanemab has sparked optimism. This drug has been shown to slow disease progression—a crucial step towards addressing the growing crisis. Explore more about this new development in our blog.
Key takeaways:
Alzheimer's disease is affecting up to 1 in 10 Australians over 65 and 3 in 10 Australians over 85. The number of individuals living with dementia is projected to triple by 2050, emphasizing the urgent need for effective treatments.
The field of Alzheimer's research has struggled for two decades with the absence of new drug breakthroughs.
The recent medical breakthrough, particularly the positive trial results for Donanemab, offers hope for slowing the progression of Alzheimer's and addressing the growing crisis.
Donanemab demonstrated a significant 35% slowdown in cognitive decline compared to a placebo in individuals with early-stage Alzheimer's.
Addressing the Alzheimer's Crisis
Alzheimer's disease has emerged as a formidable global health crisis, affecting individuals across all demographics and posing significant challenges to healthcare systems worldwide. In Australia alone, it was estimated that there were 401,300 Australians living with dementia in 2022. Based on Australian Institute of Health and Wellness estimates, this is equivalent to 15 people with dementia per 1,000 Australians, which increases to 84 people with dementia per 1,000 Australians aged 65 and over. In New Zealand, almost 170,000 New Zealanders are likely to be living with dementia by 2050. This progressive neurodegenerative condition is the leading cause of dementia, causing a steady decline in cognitive abilities and severely impacting the quality of life.
The scale of the crisis becomes even more apparent when considering the projected trajectory of dementia cases - by 2050, the number of people living with dementia is expected to nearly triple, reaching a staggering 153 million globally. This exponential growth places an enormous burden on healthcare and social care systems, necessitating urgent action to address the emerging epidemic.
Alzheimer's disease not only affects individuals diagnosed with the condition but also has far-reaching consequences for their families, caregivers, and communities. The emotional, physical, and financial toll of caring for individuals with Alzheimer's is immense, often leading to increased stress, caregiver burnout, and strained relationships. Providing adequate support and effective treatments for Alzheimer's is crucial not only to improve the lives of those affected but also to alleviate the overall impact on society.
To compound the urgency of the crisis, the field of Alzheimer's research experienced a two-decade-long drought in terms of new drug development. This dearth of treatment options left patients and their families with limited choices and a sense of hopelessness. However, recent medical breakthroughs have reignited optimism in the scientific community and offered a glimmer of hope for finding effective treatments.
Related reading: Alzheimer's Disease | Definition, Causes, Symptoms, & Treatment
The Trial Results: Donanemab's Effectiveness
Donanemab, an experimental drug developed by pharmaceutical company Eli Lilly, is a monoclonal antibody that targets the abnormal plaques of amyloid beta protein typically observed in the brains of individuals with Alzheimer's. Extensive late-stage trials involving 1,182 people with early-stage Alzheimer's have been conducted to assess its effectiveness. The experimental drug has showcased remarkable potential as a treatment for early-stage Alzheimer's disease, as it demonstrated a significant 35% slowdown in cognitive decline compared to a placebo.
The positive outcomes of the Donanemab trial have generated considerable hope within the scientific community. Researchers and experts have lauded these trial results as a significant milestone in the pursuit of effective treatments for Alzheimer's disease. Dr. Richard Oakley, Associate Director of Research at the Alzheimer's Society, expressed optimism regarding the implications of this new research. He remarked that these trial results could potentially signify the beginning of the end for Alzheimer's disease, offering renewed hope to individuals living with the disease and their families.
Maria Carrillo, Chief Science Officer of the Alzheimer's Association in the US, lauded the phase 3 data of Donanemab as the most robust evidence to date for an Alzheimer's treatment. This statement reflects the significance of the trial results and the potential impact this drug could have on the lives of those affected by Alzheimer's disease.
By showcasing a substantial reduction in cognitive decline, Donanemab has presented a glimmer of hope for individuals at the early stages of Alzheimer's. Slowing down the progression of the disease can greatly enhance the quality of life for patients, allowing them to maintain their cognitive function for longer periods and retain their ability to perform daily activities independently.
While further analysis and evaluation are necessary, these trial results provide a solid foundation for advancing research and exploring potential treatment options for Alzheimer's disease. The scientific community is now looking ahead to the next steps, including seeking approval from regulatory authorities, such as the US Food and Drug Administration, to bring Donanemab to the market and make it available to those in need.
Suggested reading: Dementia vs. Alzheimer’s: Understanding their Similarities, Differences and Support Needs
How does it work?
Donanemab operates as a monoclonal antibody, specifically designed to target the abnormal plaques composed of amyloid beta protein, which are commonly observed in brain images of individuals with Alzheimer's disease. This mechanism of action closely resembles that of Lecanemab, a drug developed by Eisai and Biogen, which obtained fast-track approval from the FDA earlier this year. Both drugs aim to address the underlying pathology of Alzheimer's by targeting and potentially reducing the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the brain.
Side Effects of Donanemab
Although the trial results for Donanemab have generated optimism, it is crucial to carefully evaluate the potential side effects associated with the drug. The study highlighted that a notable portion of participants experienced certain adverse effects.
Brain swelling was reported in 24% of individuals receiving Donanemab, with symptoms occurring in 6.1% of the participants. This finding underscores the importance of closely monitoring patients and assessing the implications of brain swelling, as it could have serious consequences for their well-being.
Additionally, brain bleeding was observed in a significant proportion of the Donanemab group, further underscoring the need for caution and thorough evaluation. Such side effects necessitate meticulous scrutiny before Donanemab can be approved for widespread use, as the safety and well-being of patients must remain paramount.
It is important to recognize that these side effects and their associated risks must be comprehensively assessed and weighed against the potential benefits of the drug. Balancing the efficacy of slowing cognitive decline with the risks posed by side effects is crucial in ensuring the overall well-being and safety of individuals receiving treatment.
As the development of Donanemab progresses, additional research and clinical trials will likely focus on further investigating these side effects, evaluating potential preventive measures, and refining the drug's administration and dosage to minimize risks while optimizing its benefits.
The acknowledgment of these side effects does not diminish the significance of the trial results or the progress made in Alzheimer's research. Instead, it emphasizes the necessity of diligent scrutiny and careful consideration to ensure that any approved treatment aligns with the highest standards of safety and efficacy.
Donanemad’s Future Plans and Prospects
Eli Lilly, the pharmaceutical company behind Donanemab, plans to seek approval from the US Food and Drug Administration in the coming month. Subsequently, they will pursue regulatory approval in other countries. The drug's potential availability, in conjunction with Lecanemab, may offer patients a choice of treatments, enhancing their quality of life and potentially leading to longer periods of living well with Alzheimer's.
The emergence of Donanemab as a potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease, along with the positive results observed in the trial, signifies a significant step forward in dementia research. While acknowledging the need for further analysis and consideration of side effects, experts remain encouraged by the progress made thus far.
How Tunstall Supports People Living with Alzheimer’s
Tunstall Healthcare is dedicated to supporting individuals living with Alzheimer's and their families. Recognising the challenges and complexities associated with the condition, Tunstall provides a range of innovative solutions and services to enhance the quality of life for those affected. Our person-centered approach focuses on empowering individuals with Alzheimer's to maintain their independence and dignity while ensuring their safety and well-being. Tunstall's assistive technology solutions, such as personal alarms, GPS trackers, and medical alert pendants offer round-the-clock monitoring and support. These solutions enable early detection of emergencies, prompt responses to falls or wandering, and facilitate efficient communication with caregivers and healthcare professionals. By leveraging technology and expertise, Tunstall Healthcare plays a vital role in enabling individuals with Alzheimer's to live fulfilling lives while offering reassurance and support to their families.
Not only that, but Tunstall is also dedicated to promoting a healthy lifestyle for seniors in order to support overall well-being and potentially reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease. We recognize that lifestyle factors play a crucial role in maintaining cognitive health and are committed to providing resources and education on healthy aging practices. Tunstall encourages seniors to engage in regular physical activity, adopt a balanced diet, maintain social connections, and participate in mentally stimulating activities. By promoting healthy habits and empowering seniors to take control of their well-being, Tunstall aims to create a conducive environment for healthy aging and potentially mitigate the onset or progression of Alzheimer's disease. Our comprehensive approach encompasses not only technological solutions but also holistic support for seniors and their families.
Contact Tunstall today to learn more about how we can support you or your loved one living with Alzheimer’s.
Keep Reading: Guide to Taking Care of a Loved One with Dementia
